The miniserver has just about the worse posible setup.
You are using slow HDDs. The Seagate 5900 RPM drives have read and write seek times of 12 and 13ms, compared to 8.5 and 9.5ms for 7200 RPM drives, or 3.8/4.4 ms!! for 10,000 PRM drives.
You are using *Software* RAID
Further,
The HP Microserver is running a generic AMD Athlon II CPU and generic Server NIC.
Whereas, the Thecus devices is a *specialized IO processor* (IntelĀ® IOP331 I/O) which has integrated RAID 6 and iSCSI CRC32C functionality.
A specialized device will always outperform a generic one.